Phytochemical screening, Antioxidative and anti-α-amylase properties of endophytic fungal extracts isolated from Ocimum basilicum

Abstract

Ocimum basilicum belongs to the family Lamiaceae which is known to have anticancer and many other bioactivities. Phoma eupyrena, Emericella nidulans lata and Chaetomium olivaccium were isolated from the different organs of the Basil plant. Root, stem and leaf’s endophytes extracts of this plant, were tested for phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and anti- α-amylase activities. Phytochemical screening of fungal endophyte extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and saponins.  Quantitative determination of total phenolics, total flavonoids and various in vitro antioxidant  activities (DPPH, H₂O₂, α-Amylase,  reducing power and antioxidant capacity) of methanolic extract was carried out using colorimetric methods.  The results of this study displayed that antioxidant activities differ significantly in the endophyte’s extract of the plant. The flavonoid content appeared in phoma extract only. The  IC₅₀ values  for  DPPH  radical scavenging was in the order of  PHE > EME >  CHE, the values  were  63.3% >  56.2% > 26.8%  at 100µg/ml, respectively.  The scavenging activity for hydrogen peroxide of various extracts  was in the order of PHE  > CHE > EME respectively. The highest inhibitory activity of α-amylase was in PHE followed by EME then CHE. Finally, we concluded that Ocimum basilium has strong scavenging activity and phytochemical contents, and confirm this plant may be good as antitumor and also is very useful for the management of other diseases.